Typewriting machine



Dec. 8, 1931. w R HELMOND 1,835,776

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Dec. 11,13 5 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR w wm BY ATT NEY.

Dec. 8, 1931. w. F HELMOND TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Dec. 11, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR= ATT N EY.

Dec. 8, 1931. w. F. HELMOND 1,835,776

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Dec. 11, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet' s v h LRRRRRRRRHQQ W F. HELMOND TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed DeC.

Dec, 8, 1931.

11, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 s sheets sneet 5 Filed Dec. 11, 1926 INVENTOR= ATT NEY.

Patented Dec. 8, 1931 sass,

PATENT OFFIOE WILLIAM F. HELMOND, F HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO UNDERWOOD ELLIOTT FISHER COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE TYPEWRITIN G MACHINE Application filed December 11, 1926. Serial No. 154,107.

This invention relates to the line-spacing of a typewriter platen and returning it by power to begin a new line.

Heretofore, a carriage-returning motor had to be large and powerful, in order for the motor to start up immediately and start the entire weight of the carriage and the carriage-returning mechanism, as well as the line-spacing mechanism. The motor, when energized, would at once put a heavy strain on all of the carriage-returning mechanism. As soon as the dead load was overcome, and the parts were set in motion, the carriage,

by reason of the powerful motor, would be thrown back with great force. The power would be disconnected from the motor, and

all the parts which were rotating at a high speed would be suddenly arrested, and thrown back to norinal, ineffective positions.

This straining and slamming of the carriage-returning mechanismof the carriage tended to shorten its life, and was also annoying.

A feature of the resent invention is to overcome the above 0 jections, and'to'so construct the parts that a cushioning eflect will be obtained between the working parts of the carriage-returning mechanism and thereby lengthen their life and also the life of the typewriter. In the present invent-ion, a comparatively small motor may be used, and as soon as said motor becomes ener ized through the depression of the carriagereturn key in the keyboard, its initial slow motion is immediately utilized to connect the carriage-returning train of mechanism to the typewriter-carriage. The motor not yet rotating at a high speed, this mechanism will be operated without any jar or straining of the parts, and as soon as said connection is made the motor will then be runing at higher speed, at which time the heavy mass of carriage and other parts will be gradually set in motion, without any sudden strain or shock on the various parts of the mechanism. As soon as said inertia of the carriage is overcome, the operation of the linespacing mechanism will become eflective, at which time the motor will be delivering its full power to the connected train of mechabroken, and the motor immediately loses its rotating power.

In the present invention, the parts are not slammd back to normal position, but tend to cooperate with one another to, produce a cushioning eitect in "the returning of said parts to normal position.

The motor is mounted at the rear of the typewriting machine, and drives a worm and worm-wheel to propel the carriage. A clutch connects a carriage-return rack and pinion with the motor. w

A finger-piece at the keyboard controls an arm of an electric switch, said arm being thrown into a circuit-making position by a spring which is controlled by a pawl that is so connected to the finger-piece that varying blows upon the finger-piece result in the same action of the switch-arm, energizing the motor.

The worm-shaft of the motor-drive effects an engagement of the clutch-members, whereupon the carriage-return rack first effects the line-spacing, and then the return of the carriage. Means are carried by the carriage to throw out the switch-arm at the completion of the return of the carriage, or

at any intermediate position.

Themechanism is arranged to be readily attached to a standard Underwood typewriting machine with a minimum of changes and additions.

A circuit maker and breaker," in the form of a swinging contact-arm, constitutes a part first move said arm rearwardly a ainst a spring, tensioning the spring which ecomes eifective on the further movement of the slide and by-pass pawl to release the arm, and then under the force of the released spring tension said arm is thrown into contact with the switch, and thereby closes the circuit. By the use of this by-pass mechanism the operator may hold the finger-key depressed, while the contact-arm may be disconnected by any means, or by the returning carriage and its connections. Thefinger-key must be returned and the by-pass 'pawl resume its normal position before the repeating of a switch-closing action can take place.

This becomes important in a short return stroke of the carriage, since in such work the operator may have pressed down the key, and the switch may not have been released in some cases.

The disconnection of the contact-arm from the switch by the return of the carriage, to open the circuit, is effected by a stop-member on the carriage which engages a dog carried by the right-hand marginal stop, said dog coacting with a rocking switch-release frame, one end of which carries a depending link, effective to throw out the contact-arm of the switch, at intermediate stations. The contact-arm is released to open the circuit for the final or 0 position of the carriage, by the marginal stop-release lever that is mounted on the carriage.

One feature of the present invention is the provision of a switch-mechanism operated by a finger-key associated with means for preventing arepeat action of the switch contactarm of the switch-mechanism, while the operator holds the finger-key depressed. 'The closing of the circuit for the second cycle of operation can take place only after the return of the finger-key.

The typewriter-carriage is advanced step by step in the usual manner. When it is desired to return the carriage, a key is depressed which closes a carriage-returnin motor-circuit. The motor is at one end 0 a carriagedriving train. Said train is made up of three sections. The first section is at the motor end of the train; the third section is at the carriage end of the train; and the second section is intermediate the first and third sections. Each section is in the nature of a shaft. \Vhen the circuit is closed through the motor, as aforesaid, the motor-section of the train revolves, while the other two sections of said train remain momentarily stationary. The motor-section at this time tensions or winds a spring, one end of which is connected to the intermediate section of the train. Hence the motor tends to rotate said intermediate section. The latter, however, is permanently controlled by means of a regulatable friction-device, which exerts a drag, so that this intermediate section is held back while said spring is being Wound by the motor. As soon as enough tension is put into said spring, the intermediate section of said train overcomes the retardation of said friction-device, and begins to turn. During the ensuing rotation of the first and second sections of the train, the third or carriage-see tion still remains momentarily motionless; but a carriage-driving clutch is automatically closed by reason of the initial rotation of the intermediate section of the train effected by said motor. The train now operates as a unit, the continued rotation of-the motor returning the carriage.

During the backward run of the carriage, said friction-device performs a further function of acting as a brake to prevent overspeedin of the motor and carriage.

pon the completion'of the return of the carriage, the motor-circuit is automatically opened, whereupon the motor tends to continue in motion idly; but this tendency is opposed by said friction-device or'brake,which eventually brings the motor to rest. Thereupon said motor-wound spring (which has been constantly under tension) reacts upon the motor, giving it a backward rotation, and the motor now acquires a certain momentum. This backward rotation of the motor is independent of the second section of said train, which second section remains temporarily stationary. The independent backward rotation of the motor is terminated by reason of the interengagement of parts upon the first and secord sections of the train, so that both said sections revolve backwardly together as a unit while the motor continues its idle backward rotation. During this idle backward rotation of the first and second sections of the train and the motor, the third or carriage section at first remains stationary, so that theefi'ect is to open said clutch between the second and third sections, thus freeing the carriage for the next line of typing.

It will be understood that when the motorcircuit is again closed, the load on the motor is relatively light, because it can start, and then rotate a substantial distance, before it picks up said spring and begins to tension the same. The tensioning of the spring puts a further load upon the motor; and finally the driving of the carriage puts a maximum load thereon, so that the loadlng of the motor is gradual.

A further feature is a provision for enabling easy removal of the carriage-rack-bar.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a standard Underwood typewriting machine with parts broken away.

Figure 2 is a rear elevation, showing the motor and its connections to the carriage, and line-spacing mechanism.

Figure 3 is a plan view of a portion of the mechanism shown in Figure 2.

varying the frictional Figure 4 is a perspective view of a portion of a typewriter embodying the principal improvements.

Figure 5 is a perspective detail view of the line-space-operating mechanism.

Figure 6 is a detail, partly in section, of a cam-shaft of the line-spacing mechanism.

Figure 7 is a plan showing a switch-release mechanism.

Figure 8 is a detail in perspective of a portion of the switch-release frame.

Figure 9 is a fragmentary end'elevation of the carriage and power driven line-spacing mechanism. Figure 10 is a plan View, partly in section, of the motor and the base on which it is mounted, together with the driven mechanism, including a clutch, a clutch-actuator and a rack-bar.

Figure 11 is a front elevation of the mechanism shown in Figure 10.

Figure 12 is a cross-sectional View (enlarged) of the motor-base, taken approximately on the line 12- 12 of Figure 10.

Figure 13 is a perspective view, partly in section, of the motor-shaft, the driven shaft and the yielding coupling connector.

Figure 14 is a perspective view of a portion ofthe clutch-operating mechanism, showing the actuator and frictionally-carried cam and regulating means therefor.

Figure 15 is a detail,. in perspective, of the clutch-actuator. a

Figure 16 is a View, in section, of the driven shaft, showing the cam for shifting the clutch-actuator and the regulating means for grip between the shaft and cam.

Figure 17 is a perspective view of the switch mechanism, showing the contact-arm in open circuit position and its immediate connections.

Figure 18 is a rear view of the switch mechanism in the same positions shown in Figure 17.

Figure 19 is a view similar to Figure 18, with the switch mechanism and the contactarm in closed circuit position.

Figure-20 is a detail perspective view of the switch-block and contact members.

Figure 21is an under side View of the switch-block and the connecting leaders to the contact-arms.

Figure 22 is a perspective view, in group, showing the contact members and their connecting leaders.

Figure 23 is a longitudinal sectional View (enlarged) of the switch-block.

Figure 24 is a detail perspective view, in group, showing the component parts of the switch contact-arm.

Figure 25 l S-2L sectional view (enlarged) of the contact-arm assembled.

Figures 26 to 30, inclusive, show in detail (perspective views) the wiring connections 8 and a front rail 9 secured on the main frame 11.

For returning the carriage there is provided a carriage-rack-bar 13 which meshes with a pinion 14 driven by a motor 15, and suitable clutch-mechanism is interposed between the motor and pinion, so that the pinion may be either connected to the motor or disconnected therefrom.

' Referring to Figur es l to 4 and 10 to 13, it will be seen that the motor 15 at the rear of the machine is attached to a bracket 16 of a housing 17 secured to a base-plate 18 supportedon an intermediate frame 19 of the main frame 11.

The intermediate frame 19 may be fastened to the main frame without boring into or machining the frame, this being done by removing the usual fastening screws from the lower frame parts, and substituting four bushings, the top of the bushings serving as a foundation. Four screws 20, passmg through the bushings, hold the frame in place.

A lateral extension of the frame 19 provides a suitable platform on which to set the baseplate 18 on whichare mounted as a unit the motor and driving-train, including the clutch and clutch-actuator for returning the carriage. The motor '15 is fastened to the bracket 16 of housing 17 by screws 21, and the motorshaft 22 will be in axial alignment with and drive a worm-shaft 23 passing through befl ings of the housing 17, between which is a worm 24 secured to the shaft, driving a wormwheel 25. The latter is mounted on a shaft 26 also mounted in the housing 17. The shaft 26 extends forward of the housing through a suitable bearing and carries on its free end a pair of clutcl'i-members, one 27 being fast on the shaft 26 and having clutch-teeth (being the driving member), and the other being a shiftable clutch-member 28 also having clutch-teeth. This member 28 is freely fitted to the shaft 26 to rotate therewith when in clutch engagement, and free to rotate on said shaft when out of clutch engagement. The shiftable member, preferably an integral structure, is in the form of a sleeve having at one end an enlarged head with pinionteeth 29 on its periphery to mesh with the carriage-rack 13, and clutch-teeth on its face for engaging the teeth of the fixed clutch member. At the opposite end the sleeve has a flanged ring 30 by means of which it is shifted to clutch position by an actuator 31 in the train.

The motor-shaft 22 and worm-shaft 23 are A connected by a yielding driving coupling 32,

by means of which the worm-shaft 23 is driven.

The opposite end of the worm-shaft 23 is provided with a clutch-actuating cam 37 frictionally mounted on the shaft. This cam is of plate form having a cam projection 38, and is held between a pair of friction washers 39, preferably of fiber, and a pair of steel washers 40, all of which, including the cam, are bored to fit the shaft 23. The steel washers are located, one on each side of the fiber washers. The washers are forced against the bearing 41 of the housing by a regulatable friction adjusting means, including a spring '42 fitting over the end of the shaft 23. The inner end of snring 42 engages the outer steel washer of the set, and is held thereto by a cap 43 enclosing the spring. The cap is held by a screw 44 entering the shaft end, which tightens the cap 43 to the shaft with the spring compressed therein and thereby holds the cam under friction to rotate with the shaft, so that the cam may perform the work of shifting the actuator 31, and thereby shift the clutch-members into engagement. The cam is prevented from further rotation by contact with the actuator, and will remain stationary on the rotating shaft until the motor is at rest.

lVhen it is desired to regulate the tension on the friction members of the cam a washer 45 is. selected from washers of varying thicknesses and'is inserted between the bot-tom of fective to'put greater work on the yielding sprin'g coupling 32, which results in winding up the spring 33 more or less when the motor is running. Moreover, when the cam 37 is in contact with the actuator 31 and has moved the clutch-members to their engaging position for returning the carriage,- there is established a more forceful reverse of the motor-shaft by the reaction of the spring 33 to normal relation with the worm-shaft when the motor is stopped. Further, the speed of the motor is retarded by this increase of friction on the cam when the cam is engaging the actuator and he-ldagainst rotation, acting as a brake on the motor, and thereby the return speed of the carriage is put under coning at one side and under the bearing in which the shaft 26 of the clutch is mounted. The actuator at one side of the pivot 46 is extended and has a bent end 47 to be engaged by the cam 37, and on the other side of the pivot is also bent in U form to provide for cars wherein a stop-screw 48 is fitted to limit the motion of the actuator in one direction. In the other direction, or at the normal position of the actuator, it is held against the housing by the pressure of a spring 49 between the clutch-members 27 and 28, which holds the clutch-1nembers out of their engaging position, as well as returns the actuator 31. The flanged ring 30 exerts pressure against a friction roll 50 of the actuator lo cated on the extended portion just in front of the flanged ring between the pivot 46 and the cam-engaging end 47. It will be apparent that the motor 15, in driving the train just referred to, will exert its power upon the worm-shaft 23, which freely rotates therewith, an d thereby the worm 24 will drive the worm-wheel 25 and shaft 26 rotating the driving clutch-member 27; the shiftable clutch-member 28 being at this time held out of action by its spring 49.

When the worm-shaft 23 has revolved to bring the frictional cam 37 with its cam projection 38 to engage the actuator end 47, the friction roll 50 engages the flanged ring 30 moving the clutch-members 27 and 28 together. The cam 37 is prevented from traveling further with the shaft due to the projection 38 on the cam being too long to rotate past the actuator end 47. The cam therefore remains stationary on the shaft while the shaft continues to rotate, which provides an added load on the motor. This tends to wind up the spring 33 of the yielding coupling 32 until the friction of the cam 37 is overcome by this increase in winding up of the spring, and the carriage will be returned by rack 13 and pinion 14.

When the motor is stopped, the cam 37 still engages the actuator. The motor, however, is quickly reversed, due to the unwinding of, the spring coupling member 32, which brings back to normal relation the motor-shaft 22 and worm-shaft 23,'and causing thereafter the motor to carry therewith (also in reverse) the worm-shaft 23. The cam 37 hence backs away from the actuator end 47, again coming into contact with the actuator end 47 but in the reverse direction. This limits the reverse motion of the motor, freeing the clutchmember 28 by the spring 49; and the flanged ring 30 forces the actuator to its normal position, completing the cycle. This reverse motion of the motor and worm-shaft is not so rapid as to cause a jar, since the armature of the motor is heavy, and the return to normal position of the two shafts is cushioned. The slight rotation backward of the worm-shaft 23 also starts in reverse motion,

but very slightly, the worm-wheel 25 and shaft 26, thereby relieving the driving strain on the clutch-teeth of the clutch-member 28, which latter will readily respond to the spring 49 to return the clutch-member 28 to its normal position.

The distance between the carriage-rack 13 and the top of the platform of the intermediate frame 19 may vary, which will result in improper meshing of the pinion 14 carried by the housing 17 of the base-plate 18 with the carriage-rack 13. To compensate for this, between the top of the base-plate 18 and under the bracket 16 which carries the pinion 14, shims 51 of varying thicknesses maybe inserted, to raise up the bracket to bring the pinion to proper height position with the rack. The base-plate 18 is held on the intermediate frame 19 by screws 52 passing up from under the frame 19. The shim 51 of the proper thickness is placed on top of the base-plate 18 and covered by a finishing plate 53 having depending edges to cover the shim 51 as well as the edges of the base-plate 18. On the top of this plate 53 the bracket 16 is secured by screwsc54, which hold the assemblage in position. The motor 15, which is-held to the bracket 16, is prevented from vibrating by a screw 58 and check-nut 59 on plate 18. The screw is accessible from beneath and locked by the check-nut on top of the finishing plate and base-plate 18. By this means also, a further fastening is provided for holding the finishing plate 53 to the plate 18.

While the yielding coupling 32 or spring 33 acts as a shock-relieving member in the aforesaid train, it is a feature to provide additional shock-relieving means between the wormwheel 25 and shaft 26. The inner end of the shaft 26 (see Figure 31) has an enlarged shouldered portion 55 on which the wormwheel 25 is freely fitted, but it is held in frictional engagement to rotate with the shaft 26 by a spring plate 56 for relieving the shaft of the shock of sudden starting and stopping; the plate 56 being adjustable to increase or decrease the tension by regulating screws 57 entering the shaft end. Between this spring plate 56 and screw-heads, there is a locking plate 60 for preventing the screws 57 from becoming loose or shifting. This plate 60 has bent spring arms 61 arranged to engage with flats 62 of the slotted screw-heads. one spring arm at one side reaching forward to engage a screw-head, and the other arm reversely engaging the other screw-head. By this means the lock-plate serves to lock screws into any regulated position to hold the frictional spring-plate 56 adjusted.

The shaft 26 is held against end motion by a screw 63 and a check-nut 64 located in a cover-plate 65 of the housing, the plate enclosing the worm-gear 25 and the friction plate 56. The point of the screw 63, which 'is adjustable, takes a position between the Referring particularly to the carriage, the

line-spacing and return mechanism is illustrated in Figures 1 to 9, inclusive. The Underwood carriage 10 has at its rear an angular frame 66 extending lengthwise, to which is added a pair of brackets 67 and 68 for supporting the rack-bar 13, meshing with the pinion 14 of the driving mechanism, before described. Bracket 67 is attached to the under side of the frame 66 by screws 69 entering base 70 of the bracket. At the lower end the bracket is' bent rearwardly below the carriage-rail 8, forming a bearing member 71, supporting the rack-bar 13. The opposite bracket68 likewise has a base-portion 73 and a bearing member 74, held by screws 75, and the bracket supports the other end of the rack-bar 13. This bracket 68 carries a linespacing cam-shaft 82 and gearing connecting with the rack-bar. To prevent the bracket 68 from becoming loose, Figure 2, a plate 76 looks the screws 7 5. The plate is of spring material and curved, so that its center portion is free from the bracket, except at the threaded holes, and it is further provided with a bore 77 for the receptionof a central binding screw 78 by means of which screws are locked. The curved plate serves to spread the screws 75, thereby firmly clamping them. The bracket 68 is further provided with an extension 79 terminating in bent cars 80 and 81, forming bearings for the vertical cam-shaft 82, which is provided at its lower end with a gear-segment 83. The other end of the shaft 82 has fixed thereto a collar 84, having V-shaped teeth 85 to cooperate with teeth 86 on the hub 88 of a detachable cam 87. The hub 88 fits the shaft 82, and is preferably fixed to the cam 87, the cam being of plate form and having a shoulder fitting within a bore 89 of the cam-plate,

and being permanently attached. The cam may be held to the collar on the shaft and set into any position rotatively with relation to the gear-segment 83. By means of the teeth on both the collar and cam-hub, the cam may be positioned and held against shifting when clamped by a screw 90. One purpose of shift-ing the cam 87 from one position to another on the shaft is to engage with a bracket on a line-space slide 91 to make a single or plural line-space shift of the platen.

The usual line-space slide 91 (see Figures 1 and 9), through which is rotated the platen 92 by its connections, such as a pawl 93 and a ratchet 94, is provided with a bracket 95. The arm of the cam 87 engages the front wall of the slide-bracket 95 when shaft 82 is rocked by gear segment 83. The wall of the bracket is of a sufficient height to be engageable by the cam-arm 87 irrespective of the upper and hooked on the slide, and the other end onthe frame of the carriage, the spring coils being separated about midway of the length of the spring, dividing the spring into two sections, the sections remaining connected with each other by an integral straight length of wire, the latter passing through a cut 99 made in the bracket 95 (Figure 5).

Rack-bar 13 is supported on members 71 and 74 of brackets 67 and 68 in slotted openings 100 and 102 of the rack-bar, one at each end. The slots permit limited longitudinal shift of the rack-bar. To prevent lateral motion of the rack-bar, there is provided a shoulder 103 to which the rack-bar is held by a bent clip 104 attached by screws 105 to bracket 67, the bent clip hooking over the rear of the rack-bar and reaching rearward through the slot 100 of the rack-bar, and permitting free action of the rack-bar longitudinally. By this means the removal of the rack-bar from the bearing 71 is made simple, it only being necessary to loosen the screws 105 and to free the clip, whereupon the rackbar may be drawn rearward, the bent end of the clip passing out of the slot in the rackbar. At the opposite end the bracket 68 is also provided with a clip 106 and is attached by two screws 107 to the under side of a bent wall 108 of the bracket 68. This wall 108 is a little higher than the bearing 74 on which this end of the rack-bar rides in its slot. The forward end of the rack-bar is undercut at 109 to the extreme end of the rack-bar. The clip 106 has a bent end similar to the clip 104 and reaches rearward under the cutaway portion and is bent upward to hold the rackbar on the bearing 74.

The bent wall 108, forward of the screws 107 underneath the wall thereof, carries a pinion 110 which is held by a shoulder screw 111 for free rotation, serving as a guide for the rack-bar against lateral movement between the pinion 110 and the clip 106, thus providing free slidingmovement of the rackbar at this end.

The pinion 110 further acts as an intermediate gear meshing with the segment 83 on the shaft 82, and a short length of rack-teeth 101 on the front of the rack-bar 13 rocks the cam-shaft 82 and the cam 87 to line space the platen. The rack-bar first moves on its bearings 71 and 74 to the end of the slots 100 and 102, whereby the line-space slide is operated, and further movement of the rack-bar by pinion 14 of the driving mechanism moves the carriage rightward. The rack-bar may be quickly detached and replaced.

Referring to Figures 1 and 17 to 22, the switch 115 is located at the left on the bracket 11' of frame 11, above the keyboard and below the supporting rods of the carriage marginal-stop members. A connection from below ismade by a key-lever 112 and slidemember 113 to throw in a pivoted switch contact-arm 127 to close the motor circuit.

The switch 115 includes a body or frame '116 having an arm 117 held to bracket 11' of frame 11 by screws 118. The body 116 has a guide bracket 119 fastened by a screw 120. The bracket 119 is bent to provide a wall 121, in which there is a guide slot 122 to receive the end of the slide 113, which is further guided for movement by a screw-and-slot connection 123 at the lower part of the switch body 116. Below the, frame 116 the slide is bent to make contact with the inner end of the key-lever 112. The upper end of the slide has a shouldered portion 124, between which and the inner side of wall 121 a spring 125 is held, and provides for a return motion of the slide after its upward stroke effected by key-lever 112. Bracket 119 extends down and carries a pivot-screw 126 on which is pivoted the switch contact-arm 127, in position'to be thrown into contact with a pair of contact members 128 and 129 on a block 130 of insulation.

The switch contact-arm 127 is not directly moved into engagement with the contact members 128 and 129. A spring actuator 131 is employed and operated by the slide 113. For this purpose the slide has an extension 132 carrying a bypass pawl 133, the end of which engages a wing 134 of the switch contact-arm 127. Normally the switch contactarm 127 hangs downward (Figure 18), and the slide 113 in its lowermost position with the bypass pawl thereon engages the wing 134 on the switch contact-arm 127 and on the upstroke of the slide 113 the spring actuator 131 is forced rearwardly, as in Figure 19 (broken lines), tensioning the spring actuator by the rearward action of the switcharm, which engages a hooked end of the spring actuator 131 and is carried rearward therewith. When the slide 113 approaches the end of its upward stroke, imparted by the key-lever 112, the bypass pawl passes clear of the wing 134 on the switch-arm, the tensioned spring actuator 131 is released, and the arm 127 is thereby thrown into contact position between the contacts 128 and 129. The extension 132 of the slide 113 extends upward, and the top end has a screw 135 around which is coiled a spring 136, one end reaching downward into an opening of the bypass pawl 133 to urge the pawl toward the wing 134 of switch-arm 127, and against a stop 137 onthe slide 113. The other end of spring 136 is caught over the'switch-arm 127, holding it lightly against the hooked end of the spring-actuator 131, thereby preventing the arm from vibrating or jarring into contact or sparking relation with the switch-contactmembers 128 and 129 when the slide 113 is in its normal position. Spring 136, being mounted on the slide 113, travels with same, thus removing the tension on switch-arm 127, When the switch is operated and permits the switch-arm to travel unencumbered by tension of spring 136. In other words, spring 136 holds down the switch-arm only when slide 113 is in normal position.

The spring actuator 131 of suitable wire fastens under the screw-head 120 of the bracket 119 by a loop in the spring, both ends of the wire passing into a perforation of "the bracket 119, thereby holding the loop from spreading under the screw-head, and forming a fulcrum-point for the tensioning of one end of the spring actuator when being forced backward by the bypass pawl. The spring actuator 131 in its normal position forms a stop for the return of switch-arm 127 when the arm is out of contact.

The switch-arm 127 (Figure 17) is insulated from the body of the switch 116 by pro viding the arm 127 with contact portions 138 and 139 insulated from the arm itself by nonconductive washers 140 and 141, the portion 138 having a head and a stem passing through washer 140, the latter having a reduced part fitting in opening of arm 127, the washer 141 fitting on reduced part of washer 140 and the contact 139 on stem of contact 138 held together as in Figure 25 by heading over the stem of contact 138. Insulated block 130, to which the contact members 128 and 129 are attached for engagement with the arm 127 to close the line-circuit, is provided with a head 142 wherein is located a pair of circuitline connecting bushings 143 held by set screws 144. The bushings are threaded to receive binding screws 145 that serve as terminals to attach line wires. Leaders 146 and 147 are located below the surface at the under side of the block in recesses or channels, one

by screws and carried back through the channels to the opposite end of the block to a similar head perforated to receive a flanged bushing 148 of non-conductive material. The leaders 146 and 147 have bent offset portions also perforated to receive the bushing 148. The leader 146 has its bent ofiset end folded close to the top of the block, on top of which is located the contact member 128, the position of which will be in a plane with one side of the pivoted contact arm 127. .The leader 147 is similarly bent, but provides room between the bent portion for an insulating spacer 149 of such thickness as to provide sufficient space for the proper entrance of the contact arm 127 between the aforesaid member 128 and the contact member 129 to engage with the opposite side of the arm 127 to make the circuit connection. The contact member 129 lyingon top of the leader 147, by a screw 150 passing through the perforated parts of leaders 146 and 147, the contact members 128 and 129, and the spacer 149 into the body of the switch frame 116, holds the block and parts together. An additional screw 151 to hold the block to the frame. 116 is located at the opposite end of the block, passing between the leaders into the frame 116.

The key-lever 112 for operating the slide 113 is preferably mounted on the same pivot center as that of the lock-release lever-shaft of the typewriter on the left side of the machine. The lock-release lever-shaft is shortened and the pivot screw is threaded into the frame 11, and a reduced diameter of the screw passes through the hub of the key-lever and into the end of the lock-release levershaft, thereby holding the key-lever in its pivoted position. A fiat spring 153 holds the key-lever in its idle position against the frame, as at 154, that is, with the bent end that engages the slide 113 down and clear of the slide.

From the foregoing it will be seen on the depression of the key-lever 112, the slide 113 with the bypass pawl thereon is actuated to effect contact between the contact-members 128 and 129 by pivoted contact arm 127, clos ing the motor circuit. Upon the line-spacing of the platen and the subsequent return of the carriage, the switch-arm 127 is released L from the contacts 128 and 129 as the carriage reaches the end of its travel, either at the final stop or at stops provided by the usual shiftable right-hand marginal stop member 155.

The latter is mounted on the usual rod 155 of the machine, which has apivoted dog 156 thereon with a cam-projection on its top engaged by a lug 157 on the carriage to throw the front of the. dog downward, which front end rides on a rail of a switch-release frame 158. The latter is mounted to rock on the rod 155 on a pair of corresponding arms extending forward, one at each end of the rail, and an arm reaching rearward in position above the switch. A link 159 is pivoted at 159 to the arm and extends down, the free end entering the switch-frame 116, passing into a slot 164 in the wall 121 of the bracket 119. The end of the link is in position to engage the switch-arm 127 at the top thereof,

on the rocking of the frame to throw the arm 12? out of contact with the members 128 and 129. The dog 156 may be turned over on its pivot to be out of the path of the lug 157 on the carringfl and the carriage will then travel to the full or home position. At this final stop position, the switch-release frame 158 is rocked by the bent end 160 of the right-hand marginal-release lever 161, engaging a. cam-projection 162 formed on the end of the rail of the switch-release frame, which rocks the frame, and, as before, throws out the arm 127. To return the frame 158 to normal position, and the link 159 clear of the switch-arm 127, a spring 158', coiled about the rod 155, rocks the frame back, the rail of which engages the main frame 11 as a stop.

At Figure 2 the main line. connector has a plug-and-socket connection to the hub 165 of bracket 16, one member 166 being stationary in the hub and having two leaders, one leading to a terminal at the top of the motor, and the other leading to a block 167 011 the base plate 18 carrying the motor and driving mechanism, and a leader from the other terminal of the motor back to the block 167. T he block 167 is carried by the base plate 18 and is formed by two sections, each having semi-circular recesses 168 therein, between which are clamped yielding contact members 169. The latter include ferrule-like members 170 bored to receive the line-connector wires which may be soldered thereto. These ferrule-like members carry rings 171 joined thereto by a short section of a coil-spring 172, the three parts being soldered together, yet by means of the spring the ferrules and rings have a yielding action to and away from each other. The ferrules 170 may be' of slightly larger diameter than the rings 171, and when located in the semi-circular recesses of the block are held fast therein by clamping the blocks together by screws passing through the two-part blocks into the base plate 18, in such manner that the rings are not prevented from functioning when in the recesses, and thereby may make proper contact with a pair of contacts 173 carried by the platform-portion of the intermediate frame 19, in which is a block 17 4. also formed of two parts, including a base 175 and a cap 176. The base 175 has an extended elongated portion 177 that fits within an opening 178 in the frame 19, whereby the top of the extended portion is flush with the top of the platform of the frame 19. Recesses 179 are provided in the extended part of the block wherein the headed contact members 173 are located and held by screws 180 and washer 181. The screw heads serve. toijoin the ends of leaders before leading out of the block 174 through channels formed in both the base and cap. The cap and base are held together by screws that also hold the parts to the under side of the frame 19, the leaders then joining with the block 130 of the switch to the terminal screws 145. By this connection of the line wires, the base plate 18 with the motor and driven mechanism carried thereby is rendered quickly detachable from the intermediate frame 19, the block carrying the yielding contacts 169 being fast on the base plate 18 and removable therewith while the fixed contacts 173 of the block 174 remain on the frame 19, it only being necessary to remove the two screws 52 from under the frame 19.

Briefly stated, the operation of the mechanism is as follows: On depression of the type-keys the carriage moves step by step, actuated by the usual spring in the drum 12. W'hen the end of the line is reached, the operator depresses the carria e-return key 112. This lifts the slide 113 of the switch, and, through the bypass pawl 133, shifts rearwardly the switch contact arm 127 against spring 131. At a certain point in the slide travel, the bypass pawl releases the arm 127, and the spring 131 throws the arm into circuit between the contact members 128 and 129, whereupon the motor is set in motion. The frictional cam 37 on the two-part shaft 2223 of the motor 15 engages the clutchactuator 31 and thereby shifts clutch-member 28 into engagement with the clutch-member 27. The frictional cam 37, as soon as the clutch 28 has made its full engagement stroke, is held against further rotation by contact with the actuator. The cam is then slipping between the friction plates of its mounting and causes the motor-shaft 22 to rotate ahead of shaft 23 by reason of the yielding coupling member 32 between the shafts. This relation is maintained while the clutch-pinion 28, which is now rotating is shifting the rack-bar 13 endwise, thereby rotating intermediate pinion 110 and segment-gear 83, rocking the shaft 82 and its cam 87, and thereby shifting the line-space slide with its pawl to rotate the platen to a new line position. When the rack-bar has line-spaced the platen, it hasreached the'end of its endwise motion with relation to the carriage, and it now travels with the carriage and returns the same to a predetermined stopping position. At this time, the carriage and rack-bar are stopped at a right-hand marginal-stop position, and the lug 157 on the carriage will engage dog 156, the latter engaging the rail of the switch-release frame 158, rocking its downward; and the link 159 thereon engaging the switch contact arm and forcing it out of its closed-circuit position, whereupon.

the switch-release frame is engaged by the marginal-stop release lever instead of the dog on the marginal stop. As soon as the motor stops, the forward crowding of the cam 37 against the actuator is relieved by the motor-shaft 22 reversing the motor and shaft by the reaction of the yielding spring coupling, thus bringing shafts 22 and 23 to their normal relation. At this action of reversing the motor-shaft the inertia of which carries also the shaft 23 and cam 37 away from the actuator, the clutch-members are separated by spring 49. The reverse motion of the cam away from the actuator is limited by the cam 37 again engaging the actuator at its under side (see full-line position, Figure 1), whereby the motor is free to be again energized and thereby have a free starting period before the cam is brought to bear against the actuator. The regulating means for the friction between the shaft 23 and cam 37 controls the speed of the motor.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the speed of the motor, the return speed of the carriage, and line-spacing of the platen are adjustably controlled; that the motor-shaft and the carriage-returning worm-driving shaft are joined together by a coupling for a positive transmission of power one to the other; that the coupling includes acloselywound spiral spring windable in the direction of motor-drive to become resiliently cumulative in storin up motive energy until motion is conveye tothe. carriage and the carriage travels in unison with the motor for a carriage-returning movement; that the cumulative storage energy of the spring balances the motive energy required to overcome the resistance of the carriage in a letterspacing direction and hence becomes a tensioned driving element between the two shafts during the rightward travel of the carriage until the carriage is arrested and the motor cut out and brought to a state of rest; that in the assembly of the two driving slfafts, any slight variation in the axial alignment there of is \justified through the flexibility of the spring-coupling; and that the clutching means intermediate the motor and carriage are automatically closed and opened by a rotary movement of the motor while the carriage is at rest.

The motor having stopped, the spring 32, 33 will tend to unwind, and, at a certain time in its unwinding movement, the spring 49 (which is tending to restore the clutch-member 14 and the arm 31, which is being held in position through the spring 32 and the cam 37) will become equalized with 32, 33, and, upon further unwinding of the spring 32, 33, the spring 49 will become stronger, and will thereby be permitted to return said clutchmember 14 and arm 31, said returning parts being cushioned by the cam 37, which is being permitted to return through further unwinding of said spring 32, 33. In this way all of the parts return to their normal position without any strain or jarring.

If, through parts becoming clogged or otherwise obstructed, the switch has failed to operate, after the carriage has been returned, and the electric circuit has not become broken, and the motor has therefore become rigidly connected to the carriage-returning train, any further rotation of said motor would tend to continue to rotate the carriagereturning train; but this would be prevented, since the carriage has already been returned and arrested, and could therefore not move any farther, the result being that some part in said train would break or would cause a great deal of trouble. But, in the present invention, this is prevented, since the wheel the switch fail to break the electric circuitand the motor continue to run, the toothed wheel 25 will continue to rotate without rotating the shaft 26, due to its frictional connection, and thereby prevent any part from breaking. The motor will continue running until the operator notices that something is not right, and operates the switch-button usually provided on the typewriter, to break the electric circuit; thus avoiding damage.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention,.and portions of the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen and a letter-feeding carriage therefor, of power-means for returning the carriage, including a motor-shaft and a driven shaft, the driven shaft carrying a cam frictionally mounted thereon, and including regulating means for varying said friction, and clutch-mechanism between the carriage and motor including an actuator engageable by the cam to effect a clutch-engagement therewith, and during said engagement also control the speed of the motor and return travel of the carriage.

2. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a revoluble platen and a letterfeeding carriage therefor, of power-operated means for line-spacing the platen and returnin the carriage, including a motor, a speedre ucing element driven by the motor, an electric switch for starting and stopping the motor, a finger-key, operatively connected with a switch-arm to close the circuit, to energize the motor, clutch-mechanism including a driving and driven clutch-member, both carried by the speed-reducing element and controlled in their operation by means carried by the motor-shaft to eifect coupling and uncoupling of the clutch-members, one of said members being a pinion in operative connection with a rack-bar slidably mounted on the carriage for a limited movement, said rack-bar having a eared connection with a cam-shaft and cam t ereon likewise mounted on the carriage to engage a lug on a line-space-actuating slide of the carriage and thereby bring the platen to a new line-position, the carriage being returned to its line-starting position by further motion imparted to the rack-bar by the clutch-pinion, and means carried by the carriage to engage a rock-frame and thereby throw out the switch-arm and stop the motor.

3. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a revoluble platen and a letterfeeding carriage therefor, of power-means for line-spacing the platen and returning the carriage, said means including a motor and a shaft therefor, a clutch-controlled connection between the motor and carriage, a speedreducing element driven by the motor, includ:

ing a worm and a shaft therefor and a wormwheel, a yielding coupling between the motor-.-

shaft and worm-shaft, a worm-wheel shaft rotated by the worm-wheel, a clutch-member fast on said worm-wheel shaft, a pinion loosely but slidably carried by said Worm-wheel shaft to have engaging and disengaging connection with the clutch-member, a clutchactuator for shifting the pinion into clutch: engaging position, means carried by the worm-shaft to rock the clutch-actuator and efiect the engagement thereof, a rack-bar carried by the carriage and having a limited ,endwise movement effective through a geared cluding a motor and a shaft therefor, a

clutch-controlled connection between the motor and carriage, a speed-reducing element driven by the motor, including a worm and a shaft therefor and a worm-wheel, a yielding coupling between the motor-shaft and worm-shaft, a worm-wheel shaft rotated by the worm-wheel, a clutch-member fast on said 1 worm-wheel shaft, a pinion loosely but slidably carried by said shaft to have engaging and disengaging connection with the clutchmember, a clutch-actuator for shifting the pinion into clutch-engaging position, means carried by the worm-shaft to rock the clutchactuator and effect the engagement thereof, a rack-bar carried by the carriage effective to return the carriage, a finger-key operatively connected to a switch, to energize the motor,

- means carried by the carriage 'to break the circuit and stop the motor, and means between the clutch-members to hold them out of engagement while the motor is at rest.

5. In a typewriting maclfine, the combination with a revoluble platen and a letter-feeding carriage therefor, of power-means for line-spacing the platen and returning the carriage, said means including a motor, the frame of which is carried by an intermediate frame fixed to the machine, separable, electrical, connecting members carried by the frames, a clutch-controlled connection between the motor and carriage including a rack-bar anda pinion, a speed-reducing element driven by the motor, including a worm and worm-wheel, a yielding coupling between the motor and its shaft and worm and wormshaft driven thereby a worm-wheel shaft rotated by the worm-wheel, a clutch-member fast on said worm-wheel shaft, a pinion with clutch-teeth loosely and slidably carried by said worm-wheel shaft to have engaging and disengaging connection with the clutch-member fast on said shaft, a clutch-actuator for shifting the pinion into clutch-engaging position, means carried by the worm-shaft to rock the clutch-actuator and effect the engagement of the clutch-members including a cam frictionally controlled, regulating means for increasing or decreasing the friction which regulates theclutch-engaging action, the speed of the motor and thereby the return of the carriage, a rack-bar carried by the carriage and mounted to have a limited endwise movement with relation thereto, a geared connection to a line-space slide carried by the carriage-frame, eflective to rotate the platen into a new line position, said geared connection including a vertical shaft, a gear-segment, an intermediate pinion, teeth on the rack-bar of the carriage, a cam on the vertical shaft to coact with a lug on the line-space slide of the carriage and thereby line-space the platen, the continued movement of the rack-bar returning'the carriage to its linestarting position, a finger-kc operatively connected to a switch to energlze the motor, and means carried by the carriage to break the circuit and stop the motor. 6. In atypewriting machine, the combination with a revoluble platen and a letterfeeding carriage therefor, of power-means for line-spacing the platen and returning the carriage, said means including a motor and a shaft therefor, a clutch-cdntrolled connec- 1 tion between the motor and carriage, a speedreducing element driven by the motor, including a worm and a shaft therefor and aworm-wheel, a yielding coupling between the motor-shaft and worm-shaft, a clutch-actuating cam frictionally carried by said wormshaft and embodying means for regulating said friction, a worm-wheel shaft rotated by the worm-wheel, said worm-wheel having a shock-relieving spring plateinterposed between adjusting means which drives said worm-wheel shaft, a clutch-member fast on said worm-wheel shaft, apinion loosely but slidably carried by said shaft to have clutch engaging and disengaging connection with the fixed clutch-member, a clutch-actuator for shifting the pinion into clutchengaging position by the aforementioned actuating cam to effect the engagement of said clutchmembers, a rack-bar carried by the carriage and having a limited endwise movement with relation to said carriage, said movement effective through a geared connection to linespace the carriage-platen by rotating the platen into a new-line position, the continued movement of the rack-bar imparted thereto by the pinion returning the carriage to its normal or line-starting position,'a finger-key operatively connected to a switch to energize ducing element driven by the motor, including a worm and a shaft therefor and a wormwheel, a yielding coupling between the motorshaft and worm-shaft, a clutch-actuating cam frictionally carried by said worm-shaft and embodying means for regulating said friction, a. worm-wheel shaft rotated by the worm-wheel, said worm-wheel having a shock-relieving spring plate interposed between adjusting means which drives said worm-wheel shaft, regulatable by screws to increase or decrease the tension of said spring plate and means to hold the screws in their regulated position, a clutch-member fast on said worm-wheel shaft, a pinion loosely but slidably carried by said shaft to have clutchengaging and disengaging connection with the fixed clutch-member, a clutch-actuator for shifting the pinion into clutch-engaging position by the aforementioned actuating cam to effect the engagement of said clutch-members, a rack-bar carried by the carriage and having a limitedendwise movement with relation to said carriage, said movement effective through a geared connection to line-space the carriage-platen by rotating the platen into a new line-position, the continued movement of the rack-bar imparted thereto by the pinion returning the carriage to its normal or line-starting position, a finger-key operatively connected to a switch to energize the motor, and means carried by the carriage to.

break the circuit and stop the motor.

8. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a revoluble platen and a letterfeeding carriage therefor, of power-operated means, including a motor, a speed-reducing element yieldingly coupled to the motor, the

' motor-shaft of which forming one part of a two-part driving shaft between the'driven element and motor by a yielding coupling in the form of a helical spring, clutch-mechanism controlled by the yieldingly-driven element including a rack-bar, a pair of clutchmembers, a pinion in engagement with the rack-bar, the latter controlled by the clutchmechanism to transmit return-motion to the carriage, and gearing operated by the rackbar to'rotate the carriage-platen to a new lineposition, electrical means for controlling the motor, including a. switch, and a circuit maker and breaker controlled by a finger-key to close the circuit, and means carried by the carriage to open the circuit at the extreme mined station along the return thereof.

9. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a traveling carriage, of a motor having controlling means, carriage-dri ing means including a toothed clutch-mechanism normally inoperative between the motor and the carriage, motor-rotated frictionally operating means for forcing the teeth of the clutch into a driving interlock to start the carriage, after an interval of motor rotation, and means between the toothed clutch-members operative to separate said clutch-members to release the carriage when the motor stops, said motor-drive being interrupted by means on the carriage actuating a connection to the motor-controlling means.

10. In a typewriting machine, the. combination with a revoluble platen, a letterfeeding carriage therefor and Writing instrumentalities, including a type-bar segment and a supporting frame therefor, of a motor, means for controlling the motor, mechanism driven thereby including a yielding coupling-member between a two-part shaft of the motor and saidmechanism, a frictionally-driven cam on the two-part shaft of the mechanism to actuate an actuator efi'ec tive through suitable clutch-members to start the carriage on return, travel, and means between the clutch-members to separate each other when the motor stops, said motor being stopped by a lug on the carriage actuating a rock-frame having a connection to open a cirdriven member, and means between the carriage and the driven member including a clutch brought into operative engagement by the said cam-means to return the carriage.

12. In a typewriting machine, the combination of power-means for returning the carriage to a new line-starting position including a driving and a driven member, said members being coupled by a yielding connector whereby a normal and a relatively rotatable relation is established between said members, means including acam in regulatable frictional engagement carried by the driven member, means between the carriage and the driven member including a clutch brought into operative engagement by the said cammeans to return the carriage, together with e ectrical means including a switch-mechanism manually controlled to start the powermeans, and means carried by the carriage to automatically stop the power.

13. In a typewriting machine, the combination of power-means for returning the carriage to a new line-starting position, in-

cluding a driving and a driven member, said members being coupled by a yielding connector whereby a normal and a relatively rotatable relation is established between said members, means including a cam in regulatable frictional engagement carried by the driven member, means between the carriage and the driven member including a clutch brought into operative engagement by the said cam-means to return the carriage, and means carried by the carriage to stop the power at the end of its return travel whereby on the stopping of the power the yielding connector effects a return to normal relation of the driving and driven members, the frictional cam relaxing its pressure against the clutch-members, and releasing the clutch members by a spring between the same.

14. In a typewrltmgmachine, a powerdriven line-spacing and carriage-return means including a switch to energize a motor, a key having connections to actuate the switch, a line-spacing and carriage-returning train of mechanism driven by the motor, including a clutch and clutch-closing means controlled by said train through a rack-bar on the carriage to return the same, and means on said carriage to engage a dog pivoted to a shiftable carriage-stop, said dog engaging a switch-release frame, having a connection which opens the switch to stop the motor and prevent repeat action independently of the lease frame, a connection of which opens the circuit to stop the motor, said pivoted dog shiftable out of the path of said means on the carriage whereby a second means on the carriage will rock the switch-release frame and open the circuit at a full returned stop position of the carriage.

16. In a typewriting machine having a motor=driven line-spacing and carriage-return mechanism, including a motor and a driving train, said train providing a driving shaft, a worm and worm-shaft, a yielding coupling connected with said shafts, a worm and a worm-wheel driven by said worm, a shock-relieving regulatable friction-plate on said worm-Wheel to make a driving connection with the shaft on which it rotates, adjusting screws for regulating said frictionpllatg, and means for holding said adjustment 17. In a typewriting'machine, the combination of power-means for returning the carriage to a new line position, including a motor, a train of mechanism rotated by said motor including a normally-open clutchmechanism, a geared connection between said clutch mechanism and the carriage, and an actuator frictionally operated by the rotation of said train to close the clutch-mechanism after the motor has been rotated a predetermined extent and to maintain the clutch in closed condition during the motor operation.

18. In a typewriting machine, the combination of power-means for returning the carriage to a new line position, including a motor and a train of mechanism driven thereby, said train including a clutch-actuator, a pair of clutch-members held out of engagement by a spring which also holds the actuator in its inoperative position, and a cam frictionally carried by--a shaft of said train, said cam, on the driving of said motor, engaging said actuator and thereby making'engagement with said clutch-members, one of said clutch-members having a connection with a rack on the carriage by which it is returned.

19. In a typewriting machine, thecombination of power-means forreturning the carriage to a new line position, including a motor, a driving shaft, a driven shaft, and a train of mechanism which includes a clutch-actuator and a pair of clutch-members, one of said clutch-members having pinion-teeth meshin with a rack of the carriage, and means including a cam frictionally carried by the driven shaft for engaging the clutchactuator to eflfect clutch-connection and thereby return the carriage.

20. In a typewriting machine, the combination of power-means for returning the carriage to a new line position, including a mot or, a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a ylelding coupling between the shafts, and a train of mechanism which also includes a clutchactuator and a pair of clutch-members, one of said clutch-members having pinion-teeth meshing with a rack of the carriage, and

means including a cam frictionally carried by the driven shaft for enga in the clutchactuator when the motor is d riv mg to effect clutch connection and hold said connection while the carriage is being returned.

21. In a typewriting machine, thecombination of power-means for returning the carriage to a new line position, including a motor, a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a yielding coupling between the shafts, the yielding of which changes the rotative relation of said shafts producing a spring tension between said shafts, and a train of mechanism which includes a clutch-actuator and a pair of clutch-members, one of said clutch-members having pinion-teeth meshing with a rack of the carriage, and means includin a cam frictionally carried by the driven s aft for enioo iio

joining t tor-driven shaft, and a clutch-controlling gaging said clutch-actuator to effect clutch connection, said clutch-actuator holding the clutch-members in clutch engagement by the frictional cam while the motor is driving the train, said yielding coupling, on the stopping of the motor, relaxing from said spring tension, reversing the rotation ofthe motor while said cam still engages the actuator, carrying in reverse rotation therewith the driven shaft and the cam thereon, and freeing both the actuator and clutch-members.

22. In a typewriting machine having a carriage, the combination of means for returning the carriage to a new line-position, including a motor and a motor-control, a nor-, mally open clutch-mechanism intermediate the carriage and the motor, a rotatable driving train of mechanism intermediate the clutch-mechanism and the motor, a rotary yieldable cumulative element in the motordriven train of mechanism, tensioned by the driving rotation of the motor to store up energy equivalent to the energy required to overcome the carriage-returning resistance, and a cam frictionally driven by the motordriven train of mechanism to close the clutchmechanism and render the driven train effective to return the carriage, said cumulative element at the end of the carriage-return movement becoming reactive, to reverse the direction of rotation for the motor-driven train and the cam, and release the closed clutch-mechanism and freethe carriage.

23. In a typewriting machine, the combination of atraveling carriage, a motor-driven shaft, a shaft-driven train of mechanism intermediate the motor-shaft and the carriage, includin a normally open clutch, a coupling Iietrain-driving shaft with the momechanism interruptively driven by said train of mechanism to close the clutch during a motor-rotation of predetermined extent to return the carria e for a new line, said coupling having cumu ative characteristics for storing up energy derived from the initial rotation of the motor-driven shaft before motion is conveyed to the cgrriagasaid accumulated energy in the coupling becoming effective, after the return of the carriage, to

release the clutch-controlling mechanism and,

free the carriage.

24. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a traveling carriage, a motor-driven shaft, a shaft-driven train of mechanism intermediate the motor-shaft and the carriage, including a normally open clutch-mechanism, a coupling joinin the train-driving shaft with the motor-drlven shaft, and a clutchcontrolling mechanism including a cam, interruptively rotated by said train of mechanism and effective to close and frictionally hold the clutch-mechanism during a motorrotation of predetermined extent to return the carriage for a new line, said coupling including a spring wound in the direction of motor-rotation to be Wound up by the motor before motion is conveyed to the carriage, the wound-up coupling becoming automatically effective at the end of a carriage-return movement to reversely rotate the cam and release the clutch-mechanism from the carriage.

25. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a traveling carriage, a motor-driven shaft, a shaft-driven train of mechanism intermediate the motor-shaft and the carriage, including a worm, a Worm-gear and a wormgear shaft, having a normally open clutcharrest of the clutch-closing cam that becomes automatically effective at the end of the carriage-return movement to reversely rotate the motor and the clutch-controlling cam to release the carriage from the motor.

26. In a typewriting machine, a carriage,

-a motor, and a motor-driven carriage-returning mechanism havingclutch-members, and automatic means controlled by rotary movements of the motor for connecting the motor to the carriage, maintaining said connection during the rotation of the motor, and disconnecting the carriage from the motor upon the conclusion of the motor'o eration.

27. In a typewriting mac ine, a carriage, a motor, a motor-driven carriage-return mechanism having clutch-members, and automatic means rotatable with the motor in its-driving direction of rotation for making and maintaining a clutch relation between the motor and carriage and automatically effective at the end of the motor-driven operation to disconnect the clutch-relations of the carriage and motor by driving the motor in a reverse direction.

28. In a typewriting machine, a carriage, a motor, and a motor-driven carriage-returning mechanism having clutch-members, and automatic means rotated oppositely by the motor to be self-connecting with the carriage throughout the rotation of the motor in one direction and self-disconnecting from the carriage when the motor rotates in a reverse direction.

29. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a traveling carriage, a motor, connections between the motor and the carriage for automatically returning the latter to line-. starting position, said connections including interlocking clutch-members, one member rotatably connected with the carriage, and the other member'rotatably connected with the motor, and means'brought into action through the rotation of the motor after the rotation of the motor has been established for shifting one member into interlock with the other member.

30. In a typewriting machine, the combi nation of a traveling carriage, a motor, connections between the motor and the carriage for automatically returning the latter to line-' starting position, said connections including interlocking clutch-members separated by a clutch-opening spring, one member rotatably connected with the carriage, and the other member rotatably connected with the motor, and means for shifting one clutch-member into interlock with the other clutch-member through the rotary movement of the motor, said means becoming operative to release the interlocked clutch-members to their clutchopening spring when the rotary direction of the motor is reversed.

31. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a traveling carriage, a motor, con nections between the motor and the carriage for automatically returning the latter to linestarting position, said connections including interlocking clutch-members separated b a clutch-opening spring, one clutch-mem er rotatably connected with the carriage, and the other clutch-member rotatably connected with the motor, means for shifting one clutch-member into interlock with the other clutch-member through the rotary movement of the motor, said means becoming operative to release the interlocked relation of said clutch-members to their clutch-opening spring when the rotary direction of the motor is reversed, and means for automatically reversing the direction of motor-rotation.

32. In a typewriting machine having a carriage, the combination of means for returning the carriage for the beginning of a new line,

including a driving motor, reactionary means wound up by the motor, a clutch-mechanism connectible with the carriage and driven by the motor through the reactionary means, and means for silencing the motor at the end of a carriage-returning rotation thereof, said clutch-mechanism automatically rendered inoperative by the reactionary means reversely rotating the motor after the motor has been silenced.

33. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a traveling carriage having a toothed rack, a" motor, and carriage-driving connections between the motor and rack for returning the carriage to initial line-starting position, said connections including a worm, and a worm-wheel driven thereby, and also including a pinion always in train with the rack, and a friction drive between the wormwheel and the pinion a clutch-member always in train with the motor, an element rotated by the motor, and an actuator operated by the rotation of said element and effective both to shift the pinion into clutching engagement and to maintain such engagement with the motor-driven clutch-member to rotate the pinion and drive the rack to return the carriage.

34:. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a traveling carriage having a toothed rack, a motor, and carriage-driving connections between the motor and rack for returning the carriage to initial line-starting position, said connections including a pinion always in train with the rack, a clutch-member always in train with the motor, an element rotated by the motor, an actuator operated bythe rotation of said element and reflective both to shift the pinion into clutching engagement and to maintain such engagement with the motor-driven clutchmember, to rotate the pinion and drive the rack to return the carriage, said actuator carrying stop-means to limit the motordriven shaft of the pinion, and having antifriction means bearing against the rotating pinion to enable said rotating member to maintain the clutch relations between said pinion and said clutch-member.

WILLIAM F. HELMOND. 

